how to watch Gov. Andrew Cuomo defends New York’s handling of COVID-19

Gunnise
5 min readFeb 16, 2021

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COVID-19 infection and hospitalization rates are falling nationwide, but experts talk in dire terms about what will happen if variants of the virus are allowed to surge this spring.

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“I’m very worried we’re letting our foot off the brakes,” said Atul Gawande, a surgeon at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and a professor at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

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The U.S. saw a spike in cases last spring, mainly in the Northeast, last summer in the South, and November through January pretty much everywhere. As the nation’s death toll from COVID-19 approaches half a million people, public health experts said they dread the possibility of a fourth wave.

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“We are done with it, but it is not done with us,” added Dr. Luciana Borio, former acting chief scientist of the Food and Drug Administration.

Three state legislatures lifted mask mandates in recent days, and New York and Massachusetts eased restrictions on restaurant seating in time for Valentine’s Day.

“It’s like we’re trying our best to help the virus rather than stopping it,” said Theodora Hatziioannou, a virologist and research associate professor at the Rockefeller University in New York City.

More contagious variants of the virus have raced across Europe, South Africa and Latin America. They have all arrived in the U.S., and one first identified in the United Kingdom is likely to be dominant here by the end of next month, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Dr. Peter Hotez, dean for the National School of Tropical Medicine at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, said that if the infectiousness and case fatality rate for the variant known as B.1.1.7, turns out to be the same in the U.S. as it is in the U.K., “I worry we could reach a staggering death toll by the summer and fall.”

Another variant, which originated in Southern California, has been spreading rapidly across the U.S., according to a study, although it’s not clear whether it’s more contagious or more dangerous. Many more may be here, too, according to one early review, though again, the significance of all these variants isn’t clear.

Double-masking:Protect yourself from COVID-19 variants

The two vaccines available, one by Pfizer-BioNTech and the other by Moderna, appear to be effective against these variants, said Hatziioannou, who published a study on the subject.

But these variants are likely to make targeted drugs such as monoclonal antibodies less effective. They will continue to change and eventually will evade vaccines and diagnostic tests if they keep spreading, she said.

Now is the time, she and others said, to double-down on precautions, to avoid a deadly fourth wave and finally bring the virus under control.

“The best way to mitigate the threat of the strains is to control the virus,” Borio said. And the best way to control the virus is through the public health tools we have,” like mask-wearing, hand-washing, avoiding crowds, and vaccination.

Next few months a ‘very murky picture’

It’s difficult to predict what the virus will do over the next few months, said Samuel Scarpino, who conducts infectious disease forecasting at Northeastern University in Boston.

The variants make estimates more difficult, he said, as do the rising rate of vaccination, the relaxation of some COVID-19 public health measures, the lack of demographic information on who’s getting vaccinated and the limited genetic surveillance, which makes it harder to know exactly what the variants are doing.

“All those meet together to make it a very murky picture over the next few months,” he said.

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Under the Biden administration, officials are increasing gene sequencing of virus samples tenfold, hoping to better track the variants.

In the short term, this awareness is likely to increase anxiety, prompting endless discussions about increases in variants and worries about what effect the changes might have.

More extensive sequencing should give the United States a better sense of where the variants are, how fast they spread and what to do about them, said Gigi Gronvall, a senior scholar and associate professor at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Viruses mutate as they reproduce within a person. Some mutations do nothing for the virus, and others lead to its demise.

A few improve the virus’s ability to reproduce and get rapidly passed through a population.

“This is what viruses do,” said Gronvall, an immunologist.

Public health officials predicted that but haven’t been able to convince leaders or the public to change the trajectory of the pandemic. “It is so disappointing because it didn’t have to be this way,” she said.

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